| Issue |
Rev Orthop Dento Faciale
Volume 32, Number 1, Mars 1998
|
|
|---|---|---|
| Page(s) | 105 - 166 | |
| DOI | https://doi.org/10.1051/odf/1998007 | |
| Published online | 30 mars 2010 | |
Ventilation et mécanique de l'oro-pharynx
Ventilation and mechanics of the oropharynx
Faculté de chirurgie dentaire, 1, place Alexis Ricordeau, 44042 Nantes Cedex 01
Résumé
L'ontogenèse postnatale de l'oro-pharynx, spécifiquement humaine, est tributaire de la croissance axiale des vertèbres cervicales. Elle est partie intégrante des processus qui caractérisent l'hominisation de l'extrémité céphalique et dont les mécanismes mettent en œuvre ceux de la posture cranio-cervicale.
Le fonctionnement normal de l'oro-pharynx suppose l'existence d'une régulation homéostatique de sa lumière. Il se révèle défaillant en cas d'apnées obstructives du sommeil. Or, cette pathologie concerne l'orthopédiste maxillo-facial dans la mesure où une expansion maxillaire “adaptée” permet d'optimiser la ventilation nasale et, partant, la physiologie du voile et du pharynx.
Abstract
Specifically human postnatal ontogenesis of the oropharynx is dependent on the vertical growth of cervical vertebrae. It is an integral part of the processes characterizing the hominization of the cephalic extremity, the mechanisms of which set into operation those of the craniocervical posture.
Normal functioning of the oropharynx implies homeostatic control of its lumen; the latter is failing in the case of obstructive sleep apnea. That disease is, therefore, of major concern for any maxillofacial orthopedist in as far as “adapted” maxillary expansion enables optimal nasal ventilation and consequently optimal soft palate and pharynx physiology.
Mots clés : Anatomie fonctionnelle / Apnée obstructive du sommeil / Croissance cranio-faciale / Hominisation / Mécanique des tissus mous / Pharynx / Posture cranio-cervicale / Ventilation
Key words: Functional anatomy / Obstructive sleep apnea / Craniofacial growth / Hominization / Soft tissue mechanics / Pharynx / Craniocervical posture / Breathing
© Revue d'Orthopédie Dento-Faciale, Paris, 1998
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